Polysaccharopeptide (PSP) and polysaccharide K (PSK, also known as Krestin) are bioactive compounds derived from Turkey Tail Mushroom. They are a type of beta-glucan and are some of the most well-researched medicinal compounds known from mushrooms. They have been well studied for their benefits to the immune system, particularly in the context of cancer therapies alongside chemotherapy. These compounds are commonly utilized and well-accepted in China and other Asian countries for their ability to improve the outcome of cancer treatments.

What exactly are PSP and PSK?

Both PSP and PSK are classified as protein-bound polysaccharides, meaning they consist of complex carbohydrates (polysaccharides) linked to protein molecules. The primary polysaccharide component in both is beta-glucan, a type of molecule known for its ability to stimulate the immune system.

What is the difference between PSP and PSK?

One of the main distinctions between PSP and PSK is their strain of origin. PSP is typically extracted from the COV-1 strain of Turkey Tail, while PSK is derived from the CM-101 strain. While these compounds occur in fruiting bodies, in clinical and research settings, they are typically produced via the fermentation of mycelium in a liquid medium.

The production of PSP and PSK involves controlled cultivation of the respective strains. The mycelium is grown under specific conditions, during which it secretes PSP or PSK into the surrounding medium. The extraction process involves separating the mycelium from the broth, followed by purification and concentration steps to obtain the final product. To be clear, this results in a much different product than what is produced when mycelium is cultivated on grains (which is considered an inferior product; click here to find out why).

PSP and PSK differ from traditional mushroom fruiting body extracts in several key aspects. Fruiting body extracts are obtained from the mature, above-ground part of the mushroom and contain a wide variety of unique compounds. In contrast, PSP and PSK are produced under controlled conditions, producing a standardized and purified product. This standardization allows for better control over their therapeutic effects, which is particularly important in the context of research.

In conclusion, PSP and PSK represent refined and standardized extracts from Turkey Tail. Due to their immunomodulatory and antitumor properties, they offer potential therapeutic benefits. Their unique production methods and characteristics distinguish them from traditional mushroom fruiting body extracts.